Lex Fridman Podcast - #443 – Gregory Aldrete: The Roman Empire – Rise and Fall of Ancient Rome

Gregory Aldrete is a historian specializing in ancient Rome and military history.
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Transcript:
https://lexfridman.com/gregory-aldrete-transcript

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OUTLINE:
(00:00) – Introduction
(08:38) – Ancient world
(22:34) – Three phases of Roman history
(25:24) – Rome’s expansion
(37:04) – Punic wars
(45:36) – Conquering Greece
(47:14) – Scipio vs Hannibal
(50:21) – Heavy infantry vs Cavalry
(53:57) – Armor
(1:06:48) – Alexander the Great
(1:12:49) – Roman law
(1:22:29) – Slavery
(1:30:09) – Fall of the Roman Republic
(1:33:54) – Julius Caesar
(1:38:33) – Octavian’s rise
(1:48:25) – Cleopatra
(1:56:47) – Augustus
(2:24:57) – Religion in Rome
(2:49:03) – Emperors
(2:56:10) – Marcus Aurelius
(3:02:21) – Taxes
(3:05:29) – Fall of the Roman Empire
(3:22:41) – Decisive battles
(3:46:51) – Hope

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The Indicator from Planet Money - The DOJ’s case against Apple

The Department of Justice thinks Apple has violated an antitrust law, pointing to its ecosystem of apps and products. Apple, for its part, thinks the DOJ is wrong on both the facts and the law. Today on the show, why the DOJ brought this lawsuit against one of the largest companies in the world and why it matters for all you smartphone owners out there.

Related episodes:
How Fortnite brought Google to its knees (Apple / Spotify)
Can an old law bring down grocery prices? (Apple / Spotify)

For sponsor-free episodes of The Indicator from Planet Money, subscribe to Planet Money+ via Apple Podcasts or at plus.npr.org.

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The Gist - Defaming DiResta For Defining Disinformation

As the technical research manager at Stanford Internet Observatory, Renée DiResta studied disinformation and alerted social media companies to violations of their own rules. This opened her up to charges that she was engaging in censorship. Out with a new book, Invisible Rulers: The People Who Turn Lies into RealityDiResta discusses those accusations and the difference between disinformation, disliked information, and normal political puffery. She also denies being an active CIA agent, which is exactly what a CIA agent might say. Plus, Donald Trump's cognition needn't be the source of investigation when it's output is the source of so much content.


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Produced by Joel Patterson and Corey Wara

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Consider This from NPR - Anne Lamott has some ideas on getting older in the United States

Getting older has been a punchline for as long as anyone can remember. And while there are plenty of jokes to be made about aging, it can also have some negative implications for how we see ourselves and others.

For writer Anne Lamott, aging has been a challenge, and a gift. "There is grace in not being able to see everything so clearly with all of its faults and annoying tendencies."

Lamott has been reflecting on growing older in her latest column for the Washington Post, and shares some of those insights with Consider This host Mary Louise Kelly.

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Consider This from NPR - Anne Lamott has some ideas on getting older in the United States

Getting older has been a punchline for as long as anyone can remember. And while there are plenty of jokes to be made about aging, it can also have some negative implications for how we see ourselves and others.

For writer Anne Lamott, aging has been a challenge, and a gift. "There is grace in not being able to see everything so clearly with all of its faults and annoying tendencies."

Lamott has been reflecting on growing older in her latest column for the Washington Post, and shares some of those insights with Consider This host Mary Louise Kelly.

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Reset with Sasha-Ann Simons - Some Chicago Shelters Close As Number Of Migrants Wanes

More than 47,000 migrants have arrived in Chicago since August 2022, but numbers have decreased significantly in recent months after President Biden issued an executive order that limited who could cross the border. Nevertheless, many migrants already here still need long-term housing. Reset takes stock of the migrant crisis in our city and how it has evolved over time with WBEZ immigration reporter Adriana Cardona Maguidad and Mimi Guiracocha, Doctor of Nursing Practice specializing in public health and mutual aid volunteer with the 11th Ward Free Store. For a full archive of Reset interviews, head over to wbez.org/reset.

The Daily Signal - How GOP Could Win Senate, John Kirby Accidentally Hits ‘Reply All,’ NYPD Commissioner Resigns | Sept. 12

TOP NEWS | On today’s Daily Signal Top News, we break down:


  • Recent polls indicate Republicans could win back the Senate. 
  • White House National Security Council communications adviser John Kirby is in hot water after hitting “reply all” on a press email. 
  • Southern Poverty Law Center union members have voted to oust their CEO.
  • New York City Police Department Commissioner Edward Caban has resigned.
  • The United Nations accuses Israel of violating international humanitarian law. 


Relevant Links: 


https://www.dailysignal.com/2024/09/11/no-confidence-far-left-smear-factorys-splc-union-votes-90-oust-president-mass-layoffs/ 


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The Journal. - The Fight Over U.S. Steel and the Community Caught in the Middle

President Biden, Vice President Harris and former President Trump have all signaled their opposition to the planned sale of U.S. Steel to Japan’s Nippon Steel. But, as Kris Maher reports, views on the deal are more complex in the place it could matter most: Pittsburgh.


Further Listening:

-Why China Is Risking a Trade War 


Further Reading:

-Biden Prepares to Block $14 Billion Steel Deal 

-Japan Bid for U.S. Steel Runs Up Against U.S. Politics 

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Lost Debate - Debate Moments, Inside the Spin Room, Elon in Trumpworld

Ravi welcomes Gabriel Debenedetti, New York Magazine’s National Correspondent, to break down Tuesday’s presidential debate between Kamala Harris and Donald Trump. They discuss each candidate’s strategy and their effectiveness, the behind-the-scenes dynamics in the spin room, and the potential impact the debate might have on the election.

Next, Ravi is joined by Tara Palmeri, Senior Political Correspondent at Puck News and host of the Somebody’s Gotta Win podcast, to discuss the key players, power struggles, and recent personnel changes within both the Trump and Harris campaigns. They also explore how Elon Musk is emerging as a significant figure in Trump’s campaign strategy.


Time Stamps:

01:10 - Debate Moments

25-25 - Inside The Spin Room

40:52 - Elon in Trumpworld


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